Ngomhla we-7 kaMatshi, i-2022, umthuthi wemoto uthwala imithwalo yezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle e-Yantai Port, kwiPhondo laseShandong.(Ifoto nguVisual China)
Ngexesha leeseshoni ezimbini zikazwelonke, izithuthi zamandla amatsha ziye zatsala ingqalelo enkulu.Ingxelo yomsebenzi karhulumente igxininise ukuba "siya kuqhubeka nokuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha", kwaye sibeke phambili imigaqo-nkqubo yokunciphisa irhafu kunye neentlawulo, ukugcina ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwe-industrial chain kunye ne-supply chain, kunye nokwandisa inkxaso kuqoqosho lwangempela. , kubandakanywa ushishino lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha.Kwintlanganiso, abameli abaninzi kunye namalungu benza iingcebiso kunye neziphakamiso zokuphuhliswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha.
Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-auto kwe-China kuphumeze ukusebenza okumangalisayo, okungaphezulu kwe-2 yezigidi zeeyunithi okokuqala, ukuphinda kabini kunyaka odlulileyo, ukuzuza impumelelo eyimbali.Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kumazwe angaphandle kubonise ukukhula okukhulayo, ngokukhula konyaka-ngonyaka ngama-304.6%.Zeziphi iimpawu ezintsha zeshishini elitsha leenqwelo zamandla eTshayina ezinokubonwa kwidatha yokuthumela ngaphandle?Kumxholo wokuncitshiswa kwekhabhoni yehlabathi, imboni entsha yemoto yamandla iya "kuqhuba" phi?Intatheli yenza udliwano-ndlebe noXu Haidong, usekela-njineli oyintloko we-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, saic And Geely.
Ukusukela ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kuqhube kakuhle, kunye neYurophu kunye ne-Asia eseMazantsi
ibe zezona ntengiso ziphambili zokwandiswa
Ngokutsho kwe-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kuya kufikelela kwiiyunithi ze-310,000 kwi-2021, ngokukhula konyaka-ngonyaka we-304.6%.NgoJanuwari 2022, izithuthi zamandla amatsha ziqhubekile nokukhula okuphezulu, ukufikelela kwintsebenzo ebalaseleyo "yeeyunithi ze-431,000 ezithengiswayo, kunye nokunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-135.8%", ngokungenisa isiqalo esihle kuNyaka weTiger.
Abasebenzi basebenza kwindibano yocweyo yokugqibela yeBAIC yeSebe lezaMandla amatsha eHuanghua.Xinhua/Mou Yu
I-Saic Motor, i-Dongfeng Motor kunye ne-BMW Brilliance iya kuba ngamashishini aphezulu ali-10 malunga nomthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha ngo-2021. Phakathi kwabo, i-SAIC ithengise i-733,000 yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ngo-2021, ngokukhula konyaka-ngonyaka we-128.9%. ibe yinkokeli ekuthunyelweni kumazwe angaphandle kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha aseTshayina.EYurophu nakwezinye iimarike eziphuhlisiwe, iimpawu zayo ze-MG kunye ne-MAXUS zithengise ngaphezu kwe-50,000 izithuthi zamandla amatsha.Kwangaxeshanye, byd, Iqela le-JAC, i-Geely Holding kunye nezinye iimveliso ezizimeleyo zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwemoto yamandla amatsha nazo ziphumelele ukukhula okukhawulezayo.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba imakethi yaseYurophu kunye ne-Asia ye-Asia ibe yeyona ntengiso iphambili yokuthengisa isithuthi samandla esitsha saseTshayina ngo-2021. Ngo-2021, amazwe ali-10 aphezulu okuthunyelwa kwe-neV yase-China yiBelgium, i-Bangladesh, i-United Kingdom, i-Indiya, i-Thailand, IJamani, iFransi, iSlovenia, i-Australia kunye nePhilippines, ngokwedatha evela kwi-General Administration of Customs ehlanganiswe yi-CAAC.
"Kukuphela kweemveliso zemoto zamandla amatsha apho sinokuthi sibe nobuganga bokungena kwimarike yemoto eqolileyo njengeYurophu."Xu Haidong uxelele iintatheli ukuba iteknoloji entsha isithuthi amandla China ngokusisiseko ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngamazwe, nokuba inkangeleko imveliso, ingaphakathi, uluhlu, ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo, okanye ukusebenza isithuthi, umgangatho, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, isicelo obukrelekrele, baye benza inkqubela ebanzi."Ukuthunyelwa kumazwe aphuhlileyo njenge-UK kunye neNorway kubonisa inzuzo yokukhuphisana yemveliso yemoto entsha yaseChina."
Imeko yangaphandle ikwabonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo kwiimveliso zaseTshayina ukwenza iinzame kwimarike yaseYurophu.Ukuze kufezekiswe iithagethi zokunciphisa ikhabhoni, oorhulumente abaninzi baseYurophu baye babhengeza iithagethi zokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunye nokwandisa inkxaso-mali yezithuthi zamandla amatsha.Ngokomzekelo, iNorway iye yazisa inani lemigaqo-nkqubo yokuxhasa utshintsho lombane, kubandakanywa ukukhulula izithuthi zombane kwi-25% yerhafu yexabiso elongeziweyo, irhafu yokungenisa kunye nerhafu yokulungiswa kwendlela.IJamani iya kwandisa inkxaso-mali entsha ye-1.2 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro, eyaqala ngo-2016, ukuya kwi-2025, iqhubekisela phambili imarike entsha yemoto yamandla.
Okuvuyisayo kukuba, ukuthengisa okuphezulu akusaxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumaxabiso aphantsi.Ixabiso le-brand neVs yaseTshayina kwimarike yaseYurophu lifikelele kwi-30,000 yeedola ngeyunithi.Kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala ze-2021, ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kwezithuthi zombane ezihlambulukileyo zombane zafikelela kwi-5.498 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ukuya kwi-515.4 yeepesenti ngonyaka, kunye nokukhula kwexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle okukhulu kunokukhula kobuninzi bokuthumela ngaphandle, idatha yenkcubeko ibonisiwe.
Itsheyini yoshishino elomeleleyo nepheleleyo yaseTshayina kunye nekhonkco lonikezelo libonakala ekusebenzeni kwayo ngaphandle kwemoto
Umfanekiso wemveliso yezinto ezimbini ezikhulayo kunye nokuthengisa uboniswa kwiindibano zocweyo zemveliso kwilizwe lonke.Ngo-2021, ukuthengwa kwempahla evela ngaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-China kwafikelela kwi-39.1 yetriliyoni ye-yuan, ukunyuka kwe-21.4% kunyaka odlulileyo, idlula i-6 yezigidi zezigidi zeedola kumyinge wotshintshiselwano wonyaka, ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kurhwebo lwehlabathi kwimpahla iminyaka emihlanu ilandelelana.Utyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle oluhlawulweyo lufikelele kwi-1.1 yetriliyoni yeeyuan, ukwanda nge-14.9% kunyaka ophelileyo kwaye idlule kwi-1 yetriliyoni ye-yuan okokuqala.
Umsebenzi uvelisa iitreyi zebhetri kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha eShandong Yuhang Special Alloy Equipment Co., LTD.Xinhua/Fan Changguo
Umthamo wonikezelo lwabavelisi bezithuthi baphesheya kweelwandle wehlile kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo ngenxa yobhubhani ophindaphindiweyo, ukuhanjiswa kwenqanawa, ukunqongophala kwetshiphu kunye nezinye izinto.Ngokwamanani akhutshwe yi-Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT), ukuveliswa kweemoto e-UK kwehle nge-20.1% ngoJanuwari xa kuthelekiswa nenyanga efanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.Ngokutsho kweEuropean Automobile Manufacturers 'Association (ACEA), u-2021 ngunyaka wesithathu olandelelanayo wokwehla kwentengiso yeemoto zabakhweli eYurophu, ezantsi ngeepesenti ezi-1.5 ngonyaka.
"Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yobhubhane, inzuzo yokubonelela ngeChina iye yandiswa ngakumbi."UZhang Jianping, umlawuli weZiko loPhando lwezoQoqosho loMmandla we-Academy yezoRhwebo lwaMazwe ngamazwe kunye neNtsebenziswano yoQoqosho yeSebe lezoRhwebo, uthe Ukuthunyelwa okunamandla kweemoto zaseTshayina kubangelwa ukubuyiswa ngokukhawuleza koqoqosho lwaseTshayina kwimpembelelo yobhubhane.Ishishini leemoto libuyisele ngokukhawuleza umthamo wemveliso kwaye libambe ithuba elikhulu lokufumana kwakhona imfuno yemarike yehlabathi.Ukongeza ekwenzeni isikhewu sobonelelo ngemveliso kwimarike yemoto yaphesheya kunye nokuzinzisa isixokelelwano sobonelelo lwehlabathi, ishishini leemoto laseTshayina linenkqubo egqibeleleyo nenkxaso eyomeleleyo.Ngaphandle kobhubhane, i-China isenamandla okumelana nomngcipheko olungileyo.Ulungiselelo oluzinzileyo kunye nomthamo wemveliso kunye nokubonelela kunika isiqinisekiso esinamandla sokuThunyela ngaphandle kweenkampani zaseTshayina.
Ngexesha leemoto ezisebenza ngepetroli, iChina yayinekhonkco elikhulu lokubonelela ngeemoto, kodwa ukunqongophala kwezinto eziphambili kuyenze ibe sesichengeni somngcipheko wokhuseleko.Ukukhula kweshishini elitsha lezithuthi zamandla kunike ishishini leemoto laseTshayina ithuba lokufumana ukongamela kwezoshishino.
"Iinkampani zemoto zemveli zangaphandle zihamba kancinci ekuphuhliseni izithuthi zamandla amatsha, azikwazi ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezikhuphisanayo, ngelixa iimveliso zaseTshayina zikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi, zineenzuzo zeendleko, kunye nokhuphiswano oluhle. "Iinkampani zeemoto zangaphandle azikwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zabo ezomeleleyo ezikhoyo kuhlobo olutsha lwezithuthi zamandla, ngoko ke abathengi kumazwe aphuhlileyo bakulungele ukwamkela iimveliso zamandla amatsha eTshayina. ”utshilo uXu Haidong.
I-RCEP izise imigaqo-nkqubo empuma, isangqa esikhulayo sabahlobo, kwaye iinkampani zemoto zaseTshayina zikhawulezisa ubume bentengiso yazo yaphesheya.
Ngomzimba wayo omhlophe kunye nelogo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iiteksi zombane ze-BYD zihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwendalo.Ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseBangkok saseSuvarnabhumi, indoda yendawo uChaiwa wakhetha ukuthatha iteksi yombane ye-BYD."Izolile, inombono omhle, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ihambelana nokusingqongileyo."Intlawulo yeeyure ezimbini kunye noluhlu lweekhilomitha ezingama-400 -- Kwiminyaka emine eyadlulayo, iimoto zombane ze-BYD ezili-101 zavunywa nguGunyaziwe wezoThutho loMhlaba waseThailand ukuba zisebenze kwindawo okokuqala njengeteksi kunye nezithuthi ezikhwelayo.
Ngomhla woku-1 kuJanuwari ka-2022, i-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) yaqala ukusebenza ngokusesikweni, eyeyona ndawo yorhwebo olukhululekileyo kwihlabathi, izisa amathuba amakhulu ekuthengiseni i-auto e-China.Njengomnye wemimandla ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwihlabathi ekuthengisweni kweemoto, amandla okuthengisa avelayo e-ASEAN's 600m abantu abanakujongelwa phantsi.Ngokutsho kwe-Arhente yaMandla aHlaziywayo yaMazwe ngaMazwe, ukuthengiswa kwee-neVs kwi-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia kuya kunyuka ukuya kwi-10 yezigidi zeeyunithi ngo-2025.
Amazwe ase-Asean akhuphe uluhlu lwamanyathelo axhasayo kunye nezicwangciso zobuchule zokuphuhliswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ukudala iimeko zeenkampani zemoto zaseTshayina ukuba zihlolisise imarike yendawo.Urhulumente waseMalaysia ubhengeze inkuthazo yerhafu kwiimoto zombane ukusuka kwi-fy2022;Urhulumente wasePhilippine uye wasusa zonke iirhafu zokungenisa kwiinxalenye zeemoto zombane;Urhulumente waseSingapore ubhengeze izicwangciso zokwandisa inani leendawo zokutshaja iimoto zombane ukusuka kwi-28,000 ukuya kuma-60,000 ngo-2030.
"I-China ikhuthaza iinkampani zemoto ukuba zisebenzise kakuhle imithetho ye-RCEP, zidlale ngokupheleleyo kwisiphumo sokudala urhwebo kunye nesiphumo sokwandisa utyalo-mali oluziswe sisivumelwano, kunye nokwandisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-auto kumazwe angaphandle. isantya 'sokuhamba kwihlabathi', kulindeleke ukuba iinkampani zemoto zaseTshayina zibe nentsebenziswano esondeleleneyo namalungu angamahlakani ngokusekwe kumatyathanga exabiso ehlabathi, kwaye imithetho ekhethwayo yemvelaphi iza kuzisa iipatheni zorhwebo ezohlukeneyo kunye namathuba oshishino okuthumela ngaphandle.Zhang Jianping ucinga.
Ukusuka kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia ukuya e-Afrika ukuya eYurophu, ii-automakers zaseTshayina zandisa imigca yazo yemveliso yaphesheya.IChery Automobile iseke iziseko zeR&D zehlabathi jikelele eYurophu, kuMntla Merika, kuMbindi Mpuma naseBrazil, yaza yaseka iifektri ezili-10 zaphesheya kweelwandle.I-Saic iseke amaziko amathathu e-r&d innovation phesheya kolwandle, kunye neziseko ezine zemveliso kunye neefektri ze-KD (iindibano ezisecaleni) eThailand, e-Indonesia, eIndiya nasePakistan...
"Kungokuba nemizi-mveliso yabo yaphesheya kuphela apho uphuhliso lweenkampani zeemoto zaseTshayina zikwazi ukuzinza."Xu Haidong uhlalutye ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, indlela yotyalo-mali yaphesheya yamashishini emoto yaseTshayina iye yanenguqu ebalulekileyo -- ukusuka kwindlela yorhwebo yoqobo kunye nemowudi ye-KD yokuya ngqo kwimowudi yotyalo-mali.Indlela yotyalo-mali oluthe ngqo ayikwazi nje ukukhuthaza ingqesho yasekuhlaleni, kodwa iphucule ukuqatshelwa kwabathengi basekuhlaleni kwinkcubeko yophawu, ngaloo ndlela inyusa intengiso yaphesheya kweelwandle, nto leyo eya kuba lukhokelo lophuhliso "lokuhamba kwihlabathi" leemoto zohlobo lwaseTshayina kwixesha elizayo.
Ukwandisa utyalo-mali KUPHANDO kunye nophuhliso, kunye nokusebenzisana nezithuthi, iinxalenye kunye namashishini e-chip kwizinto ezintsha, ukuzama ukwenza iimoto zaseTshayina zisebenzise "core" waseTshayina.
Ngamandla amatsha, idatha enkulu kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha obukhulayo namhlanje, inqwelo-mafutha, enembali engaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100, izise ithuba elikhulu lotshintsho olubhukuqileyo.Kwintsimi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye noqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi ekrelekrele, kunye neminyaka yemizamo, ishishini le-auto laseTshayina lifikelele ngokusisiseko kwiimveliso eziqhelekileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili kunye nenqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe lophuhliso oluhambelanayo, kunye namashishini aqhelekileyo kumazwe ngamazwe kwinqanaba elifanayo lokhuphiswano.
Nangona kunjalo, ixesha elithile, ingxaki "yokunqongophala kwengundoqo" iye yaphazamisa ishishini le-auto laseChina, eliye lachaphazela ukuphuculwa kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho kwinqanaba elithile.
Ngomhla wama-28 kaFebruwari, uXin Guobin, usekela-mphathiswa weSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, wathi kwinkomfa yabezindaba yeOfisi yoLwazi lweSizwe, iSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi liza kwakha indawo yokubonelela nge-intanethi kunye neqonga lemfuno yeetshiphusi zemoto, ukuphucula indlela yentsebenziswano enyukayo nesezantsi yekhonkco lemizi-mveliso, kunye nokukhokela izithuthi kunye namashishini amacandelo ukuze kuphuculwe uyilo lwesixokelelwano sobonelelo;Ukucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo imveliso, ukuncedana, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kolwabiwo lwezibonelelo, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokunqongophala kondoqo;Siza kuxhasa ngakumbi ukusungulwa kwentsebenziswano phakathi kwezithuthi, icandelo kunye nabavelisi beetshiphu, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe nangocwangco sokwandisa imveliso yetshiphu yasekhaya kunye nomthamo wokubonelela.
"Ngokombono weshishini, ukunqongophala kweetshiphu kuya kubangela ukudandatheka kwemfuno yemarike malunga ne-1.5 yezigidi zeeyunithi ngo-2021."UYang Qian, usekela mlawuli weSebe loPhando kwiShishini le-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, ukholelwa ukuba ngenxa yesiphumo esithe chu senkqubo yokulawula itshiphu yamazwe ngamazwe, phantsi kweenzame ezidibeneyo zorhulumente, ii-oemakers kunye nabanikezeli beetshiphu, iindlela ezizezinye zokwenziwa kweetshiphu ziye zafumaneka. iphunyezwe ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye unikezelo lwetshiphu kulindeleke ukuba lube lula ukuya kuthi ga kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2022. Ngelo xesha, imfuno ye-pent up ngo-2021 iya kukhutshwa kwaye ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokukhula kwemarike yemoto ngo-2022.
Ukomeleza isakhono esizimeleyo sokwenza izinto ezintsha, ubuchwephesha obuphambili kunye nokwenza iimoto zaseTshayina zisebenzise "undoqo" waseTshayina lukhokelo lweenkampani zaseTshayina.
"Ngo-2021, isicwangciso sethu sobuchule se-cockpit chip yokuqala yasekhaya ephezulu ehlakaniphile kunye nenkqubo ye-nanometer ye-7 yakhululwa, igcwalisa isithuba kwintsimi ye-chip ephambili ye-high-end intelligent platform ye-cockpit ngokuzimeleyo eyenzelwe yi-China."Umntu ofanelekileyo ophethe i-Geely Group uxelele iintatheli ukuba i-Geely ityale imali engaphaya kwe-140 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan kwi-r&d kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ngoyilo olungaphezulu kwama-20,000 kunye nabasebenzi be-r&d kunye ne-26,000 yamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza.Ngokukodwa kwicandelo lolwakhiwo lothungelwano lwesathelayithi, inkqubo yesathelayithi eyakhiwe ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-earth-orbit navigation igqibile ukuthunyelwa kwezikhululo zesalathiso sexesha elichanekileyo ezingama-305, kwaye iya kufikelela kunxibelelwano "lwehlabathi olungenabumfama" kunye nesentimitha- inqanaba eliphezulu lokuchaneka kokubeka indawo kwixa elizayo."Kwixesha elizayo, iGeely iya kukhuthaza ngokubanzi inkqubo yokudityaniswa kwehlabathi, iqonde itekhnoloji yokuya phesheya, kwaye ifezekise ukuthengisa phesheya kweemoto ezingama-600,000 ngo-2025."
Ukukhula koshishino lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye nophuhliso lokufakelwa kombane kunye nengqondo kuzise amathuba eemveliso zemoto zaseTshayina ukuba zilandele, ziqhube kwaye zikhokele nakwixesha elizayo.
Umntu onxulumene noSaic ophetheyo uthe, malunga nenjongo yeqhinga lesizwe "yencopho yekhabhoni, ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni", iqela liyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza isicwangciso sobuchule sokuguqula izinto ezintsha kunye nenguqu, sprint umkhondo omtsha "wombane obukrelekrele obuqhagamshelwe" : ukukhawulezisa ukukhuthazwa kwamandla amatsha. , inkqubo yokuthengisa isithuthi esikrelekrele, ukwenza uphando kunye nokuphononongwa koshishino lokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha;Siya kuphucula ukwakhiwa "kwamaziko amahlanu" kuquka isofthiwe, i-computing yefu, i-intelligence yokufakelwa, idatha enkulu kunye nokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi, ukudibanisa isiseko sobuchwepheshe be-software, kwaye sizame ukuphucula umgangatho wedijithali weemveliso zemoto, iinkonzo zokuhamba kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza.(Dongfang Shen, intatheli yephephandaba lethu)
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-18-2022
