Markay ahayd Maarso 7, 2022, xamuul siday shixnad badeecado dhoofin ah wuxuu geynayaa Dekedda Yantai, ee Gobolka Shandong.(Sawirka waxaa leh Visual China)
Intii lagu jiray labadii kalfadhi ee qaranka, baabuurta tamarta cusub ayaa soo jiidatay dareen badan.Warbixinta shaqada ee dowladda ayaa carabka ku adkeysay in "waxaan sii wadi doonaa taageerada isticmaalka baabuurta tamarta cusub", oo aan soo bandhigno siyaasadaha lagu dhimayo canshuuraha iyo khidmadaha, ilaalinta amniga iyo xasiloonida silsiladda warshadaha iyo silsiladda sahayda, iyo kordhinta taageerada dhaqaalaha dhabta ah. , oo ay ku jiraan warshadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub.Kulankan oo ay wakiilo iyo xubno badan ka soo jeediyeen talooyin iyo talooyin ku saabsan horumarinta gaadiidka tamarta cusub.
Sannadkii 2021, dhoofinta baabuurta ee Shiinaha ayaa gaadhay waxqabad cajiib ah, in ka badan 2 milyan oo unug markii ugu horreysay, labanlaabmay sannadkii hore, taas oo gaadhay horumar taariikhi ah.Waxaa xusid mudan in dhoofinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ay muujisay kobac qarxa, iyadoo kobac sanadeedkiiba uu ahaa 304.6%.Maxay yihiin sifooyinka cusub ee warshadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub ee Shiinaha oo laga arki karo xogta dhoofinta?Marka la eego hoos u dhigista kaarboonka caalamiga ah, halkee ayay warshadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub " wadi doonaan"?Weriyaha ayaa wareystay Xu Haidong, oo ah ku xigeenka madaxa injineerka Shiinaha ee Ururka Warshadaha Baabuurta, saic And Geely.
Tan iyo 2021, dhoofinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ayaa si fiican u shaqeysay, iyadoo Yurub iyo Koonfurta Aasiya
noqoshada suuqyada ugu muhiimsan ee kor u kaca
Sida laga soo xigtay Ururka Shiinaha ee Soosaarayaasha Baabuurta, dhoofinta baabuurta tamarta cusub waxay gaari doontaa 310,000 unug sanadka 2021, iyadoo kobac sanadeedka 304.6%.Bishii Janaayo 2022, gawaarida tamarta cusub waxay sii wadeen isbeddelka kobaca sare, iyaga oo gaaray waxqabadka muuqda ee "431,000 unug ayaa la iibiyay, iyada oo sannad kasta la kordhiyo 135.8%", taasoo keentay bilow wanaagsan sanadka Shabeelka.
Shaqaaluhu waxay ka shaqeeyaan aqoon-is-weydaarsiga ugu dambeeya ee BAIC Branch New Energy ee Huanghua.Xinhua/Mou Yu
Saic Motor, Dongfeng Motor iyo BMW Brilliance waxay noqon doonaan 10ka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya marka loo eego mugga dhoofinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ee 2021. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, SAIC waxay iibisay 733,000 gawaarida tamarta cusub ee 2021, iyada oo sanad kasta kororka 128.9% noqoshada hogaamiyaha dhoofinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ee Shiinaha.Yurub iyo suuqyada kale ee horumaray, magacyadooda MG iyo MAXUS waxay iibiyeen in ka badan 50,000 oo baabuurta tamarta cusub ah.Isla mar ahaantaana, byd, JAC Group, Geely Holding iyo noocyada kale ee madax-bannaan ee dhoofinta baabuurta tamarta cusub ayaa iyaguna gaadhay kobac degdeg ah.
Waxaa xusid mudan in suuqa Yurub iyo Koonfurta Aasiya ay noqdeen suuqyada kordhinta ugu weyn ee dhoofinta gaadiidka tamarta cusub ee Shiinaha sanadka 2021. 2021, 10ka waddan ee ugu sarreeya ee Shiinaha u dhoofiyo neV waa Belgium, Bangladesh, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, India, Thailand, Jarmalka, Faransiiska, Slovenia, Australia iyo Filibiin, marka loo eego xogta Maamulka Guud ee Kastamka ay soo diyaarisay CAAC.
"Kaliya alaabada tamarta cusub ee tamarta cusub ayaan ku dhiiran karnaa inaan galno suuqa baabuurta ee qaangaarka ah sida Yurub."Xu Haidong ayaa saxafiyiinta u sheegay in tignoolajiyada cusub ee baabuurta tamarta ee Shiinaha ay asal ahaan gaartay heer caalami ah, hadday tahay muuqaalka wax soo saarka, gudaha, kala duwanaanta, la qabsiga deegaanka, ama waxqabadka gaadiidka, tayada, isticmaalka tamarta, adeegsiga caqliga leh, ayaa sameeyay horumar dhamaystiran."Dhoofinta dalalka horumaray sida UK iyo Norway waxay muujinaysaa faa'iidada tartan ee badeecadaha cusub ee baabuurta tamarta ee Shiinaha."
Deegaanka dibadda ayaa sidoo kale bixiya shuruudo wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay calaamadaha Shiinaha si ay u sameeyaan dadaallada suuqa Yurub.Si loo gaaro yoolalka dhimista kaarboonka, dowlado badan oo Yurub ah ayaa ku dhawaaqay bartilmaameedyada qiiqa kaarboonka sannadihii la soo dhaafay iyo kordhinta kabka baabuurta tamarta cusub.Tusaale ahaan, Norway waxay soo bandhigtay dhowr siyaasadood oo lagu taageerayo kala-guurka koronto, oo ay ku jiraan ka dhaafista baabuurta korontada 25% canshuurta qiimaha lagu daray, canshuuraha soo dejinta iyo canshuurta dayactirka waddooyinka.Jarmalku waxa uu kordhin doonaa kabka tamarta cusub ee 1.2 bilyan euro, kaas oo bilaabmay 2016, ilaa 2025, taas oo sii kicinaysa suuqa baabuurta tamarta cusub.
Si farxad leh, iibka sarreeya kuma xirna gebi ahaanba qiimo jaban.Qiimaha neVs ee Shiinaha ee suuqa Yurub wuxuu gaaray $30,000 unugkiiba.Saddexdii rubuc ee ugu horreeya sannadka 2021, qiimaha dhoofinta baabuurta rakaabka ah ee korontada ku shaqeeya ayaa gaadhay $5.498 bilyan, ilaa 515.4 boqolkiiba sannadkii, iyadoo kobaca qiimaha dhoofinta uu ka weyn yahay kobaca tirada dhoofinta, xogta kastamku waxay muujisay.
Silsiladda warshadaha ee xooggan oo dhamaystiran iyo silsiladda sahayda ee Shiinaha ayaa ka muuqata waxqabadkeeda dhoofinta baabuurta
Sawirka wax-soo-saarka ee laba suuq-geyneed oo kobcaya ayaa lagu soo bandhigay aqoon-is-weydaarsiyo wax-soo-saarka dalka oo dhan.Sannadkii 2021-kii, wadarta guud ee badeecadaha iyo soo dejinta Shiinaha waxa ay gaadhay 39.1 trillion yuan, korodhka 21.4% sannadkii hore, taas oo innaga dhaaftay $6 trillion oo ah celceliska sarifka sannadlaha ah, isaga oo kaalinta koowaad kaga jira ganacsiga badeecadaha adduunka shan sano oo xidhiidh ah.Maalgelinta tooska ah ee dibadda ee la bixiyo ayaa gaartay 1.1 tiriliyan yuan, koror ah 14.9% sanadkii hore oo dhaaftay 1 trillion yuan markii ugu horeysay.
Shaqaale u soo saarayaa saxarada baytariyada baabuurta tamarta cusub ee Shandong Yuhang Special Alloy Equipment Co., LTD.Xinhua/Fan Changguo
Awoodda sahayda baabuurta dibadaha ayaa hoos u dhacday labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay sababo la xiriira faafitaanka soo noqnoqda, maraakiibta oo ciriiri ah, gabaabsi yaraan iyo arrimo kale.Sida laga soo xigtay tirokoobyada ay soo saartay Bulshada Soosaarayaasha Baabuurta iyo Ganacsatada (SMMT), wax soo saarka baabuurta ee UK ayaa hoos u dhacay 20.1% bishii Janaayo marka loo eego isla bishii hore ee sanadkii hore.Sida laga soo xigtay Ururka Soosaarayaasha Baabuurta Yurub (ACEA), 2021 waa sanadkii saddexaad ee isku xigta ee hoos u dhaca iibinta baabuurta rakaabka ee Yurub, hoos u dhac boqolkiiba 1.5 sanadkiiba.
"Saamaynta cudurka faafa, faa'iidada sahayda Shiinaha ayaa la sii kordhiyey."Zhang Jianping, oo ah agaasimaha xarunta cilmi baarista iskaashiga dhaqaalaha gobolka ee akadeemiyada ganacsiga caalamiga ah iyo iskaashiga dhaqaalaha ee Wasaaradda Ganacsiga, ayaa sheegay in dhoofinta xooggan ee baabuurta Shiinaha ay sabab u tahay dib u soo kabashada degdega ah ee dhaqaalaha Shiinaha ee saameynta cudurka.Warshadaha baabuurta ayaa si dhakhso ah u soo celiyay awoodda wax soo saarka waxayna ka faa'iidaysteen fursada weyn ee soo kabashada baahida suuqa caalamiga ah.Marka lagu daro samaynta faraqa sahayda alaabta ee suuqa baabuurta ee dibada iyo xasilinta silsilada sahayda caalamiga ah, warshadaha baabuurta ee Shiinaha ayaa leh nidaam dhamaystiran iyo awood taageero oo xoogan.In kasta oo uu cudurku faafay, Shiinuhu wali wuxuu leeyahay awood wanaagsan oo iska caabin ah.Saadka xasilan iyo wax soo saarka iyo awoodda sahayda ayaa siinaya dammaanad adag dhoofinta shirkadaha baabuurta Shiinaha.
Waagii baabuurta shidaalka ku shaqeeya, Shiinuhu wuxuu lahaa silsilad baabuur oo aad u ballaaran, laakiin yaraanta qaybaha muhiimka ah ayaa ka dhigtay inay u nuglaadaan khataraha ammaanka.Kor u kaca warshadaha cusub ee baabuurta tamarta ayaa siisay warshadaha baabuurta ee Shiinaha fursad ay ku helaan awoodda warshadaha.
"Shirkadaha baabuurta dhaqameed ee ajnabiga ah ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u gaabiya horumarinta gawaarida tamarta cusub, ma awoodaan inay bixiyaan alaab tartan ah, halka alaabta Shiinaha ay dabooli karaan baahida macaamiisha, faa'iidooyin qiimo leh, iyo tartan wanaagsan. "Shirkadaha baabuurta shisheeye si buuxda uma isticmaali karaan Astaantooda xooggan ee hadda jira ee noocyada baabuurta tamarta cusub, sidaas darteed macaamiisha dalalka horumaray waxay sidoo kale diyaar u yihiin inay aqbalaan badeecadaha tamarta cusub ee Shiinaha." Xu Haidong ayaa sidaas yidhi.
RCEP waxay keentay siyaasado bariga, saaxiibo sii kordhaya, iyo shirkadaha baabuurta Shiinaha ayaa dardar gelinaya qaabka suuqa ee dibadda
Iyada oo leh jirkeeda cad iyo calaamadda buluug-buluug, BYD tagaasida korontada waxay la jaan qaadayaan deegaanka dabiiciga ah ee ku xeeran.Madaarka caalamiga ah ee Suvarnabhumi ee Bangkok, ninka deegaanka ee Chaiwa wuxuu doortay inuu raaco taksi koronto ah oo BYD ah."Waa aamusnaan, waxay leedahay aragti wanaagsan, iyo ka sii muhiimsan, waa deegaan saaxiibtinimo."Kharash laba saacadood ah iyo masaafo dhan 400 kiiloomitir -- Afar sano ka hor, 101 baabuurta BYD ee korantada ah ayaa ay ogolaatay maamulka gaadiidka dhulka ee Thailand inay ka hawlgalaan gudaha markii ugu horeysay tagsi iyo baabuur kor u qaada.
Jannaayo 1, 2022, waxaa si rasmi ah u dhaqan galay iskaashiga dhaqaalaha gobolka (RCEP), kaasoo ah aagga ganacsiga xorta ah ee ugu weyn adduunka, taasoo fursad weyn u ah dhoofinta baabuurta ee Shiinaha.Sida mid ka mid ah gobollada ugu koritaanka badan adduunka ee iibka baabuurta, awoodda suuqa ee soo koraya ee dadka ASEAN ee 600m lama dhayalsan karo.Sida laga soo xigtay Wakaaladda Tamarta Dib-u-cusboonaynta ee Caalamiga ah, iibinta neVs ee Koonfur-bari Aasiya waxay kordhin doontaa 10 milyan unug marka la gaaro 2025.
Wadamada ASEan waxay soo saareen tallaabooyin taxane ah oo taageero ah iyo qorshayaal istaraatiijiyadeed oo loogu talagalay horumarinta gawaarida tamarta cusub, abuurista shuruudo shirkadaha baabuurta Shiinaha si ay u sahamiyaan suuqa maxalliga ah.Dowladda Malaysiya ayaa ku dhawaaqday canshuur dhiirigelin ah oo loogu talagalay baabuurta korontada laga bilaabo 2022;Dawladda Filibiin ayaa meesha ka saartay dhammaan tacriifadaha soo dejinta ee qaybaha baabuurta korontada;Dowladda Singapore ayaa ku dhawaaqday inay qorsheyneyso inay kordhiso tirada dhibcaha lagu dallaco baabuurta korontadu marka la gaaro 28,000 ilaa 60,000 marka la gaaro 2030-ka.
"Shiinuhu wuxuu si firfircoon ugu dhiirigelinayaa shirkadaha baabuurta inay si wanaagsan u isticmaalaan xeerarka RCEP, si buuxda u ciyaara saameynta abuurista ganacsiga iyo saameynta ballaarinta maalgashiga ee uu keenay heshiiska, iyo ballaarinta dhoofinta baabuurta. xawliga 'caalami u socda', waxaa la filayaa in shirkadaha baabuurta Shiinaha ay iskaashi dhow la yeelan doonaan xubnaha la-hawlgalayaasha ah oo ku saleysan silsiladaha qiimaha caalamiga ah, iyo xeerarka doorbidida asalka ah ayaa keeni doona qaabab ganacsi oo kala duwan iyo fursado ganacsi oo dhoofinta baabuurta."Zhang Jianping wuu qabaa.
Laga soo bilaabo Koonfur-bari Aasiya ilaa Afrika ilaa Yurub, baabuurta Shiinaha ayaa ballaarinaysa khadadka wax soo saarka ee dibadda.Chery Automobile waxay saldhigyo caalami ah oo R&D ka samaysay Yurub, Waqooyiga Ameerika, Bariga Dhexe iyo Brazil, waxayna aasaastay 10 warshadood oo dibadda ah.Saic waxay aasaastay saddex xarumood oo r&d ah oo dibedda ah, iyo sidoo kale afar saldhig oo wax-soo-saar ah iyo warshado KD (isugeynta qaybaha) warshadaha Thailand, Indonesia, India iyo Pakistan ...
"Kaliya in ay yeeshaan warshado dibadda ah oo iyaga u gaar ah ayaa kara horumarinta dibadda ee shirkadaha baabuurta calaamadeysan ee Shiinaha ayaa noqon kara mid waara."Xu Haidong ayaa falanqeeyay in sannadihii la soo dhaafay, qaabka maalgashiga dibadda ee shirkadaha baabuurta Shiinaha ay sameeyeen isbeddello muhiim ah - laga bilaabo qaabka ganacsiga asalka ah iyo qaabka KD ee qayb ahaan si toos ah habka maalgashiga.Habka maalgashiga tooska ah ma aha oo kaliya kor u qaadida shaqada maxalliga ah, laakiin sidoo kale hagaajinta aqoonsiga macaamiisha maxalliga ah ee dhaqanka sumadda, sidaas darteed kordhinta iibka dibadda, taas oo noqon doonta jihada horumarinta ee "socdaalka caalamiga ah" ee baabuurta calaamad Shiinaha mustaqbalka.
Kordhi maalgashiga cilmi-baadhista iyo horumarinta, oo kala kaashada baabuurta, qaybaha iyo ganacsiyada chip-ka ee hal-abuurka, ku dadaalaya in baabuurta Shiinaha ay isticmaalaan "core" Shiinaha.
Tamar cusub, xog weyn iyo tignoolajiyada kale ee kacaanka ee maanta kor u kacaya, baabuurkan, oo leh taariikh in ka badan 100 sano, ayaa keenay fursad weyn oo isbeddel qaran ah.In berrinkii baabuurta tamarta cusub iyo isku xirka shabakada caqliga leh, oo leh sanado dadaal ah, warshadaha baabuurta ee Shiinaha ayaa asal ahaan gaaray alaabada caadiga ah iyo tignoolajiyada asaasiga ah ee heerka caalamiga ah ee horumarinta isku midka ah, iyo shirkadaha caalamiga ah ee caalamiga ah ee heerka tartanka heerka isku midka ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in muddo ah, dhibaatada "la'aanta xudunta" ayaa ku habsatay warshadaha baabuurta ee Shiinaha, taas oo saamaysay horumarinta wax soo saarka iyo tayada ilaa xad.
Febraayo 28, Xin Guobin, wasiir ku xigeenka Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada, ayaa sheegay in shirka jaraa'id ee Xafiiska Warfaafinta ee Gobolka, Wasaaradda Warshadaha iyo Tignoolajiyada ay dhisi doonto sahayda khadka tooska ah iyo dalabka qalabka gawaarida, hagaajinta Habka iskaashiga kor iyo hoos ee silsiladda warshadaha, oo haga gaadiidka iyo qaybaha shirkadaha si ay u wanaajiyaan qaabeynta silsiladda sahayda;Si macquul ah u habeeya wax-soo-saarka, is-caawinta, hagaajinta waxtarka qoondaynta kheyraadka, la yareeyo saameynta xudunta la'aanta;Waxaan sii taageeri doonaa hal-abuurnimada wada shaqayneed ee ka dhex jirta baabuurta, qaybaha iyo soo saarayaasha chip-ka, waxaanan si joogto ah oo habsami leh u kordhin doonnaa wax-soo-saarka chip-ka gudaha iyo awoodda saadka.
"Marka loo eego xukunka warshadaha, yaraanta chip waxay keeni doontaa baahida suuqa ee niyad jabka ah ee ku dhawaad 1.5 milyan unug sanadka 2021."Yang Qian, oo ah agaasime ku-xigeenka Waaxda Cilmi-baarista Warshadaha ee Ururka Shiinaha ee Soo-saareyaasha Gawaadhida, ayaa rumeysan in saamaynta tartiib tartiib ah ee habka nidaaminta suuqa caalamiga ah ee chip-ka, iyadoo la raacayo dadaallada wadajirka ah ee dowladda, kuwa wax-soo-saareyaasha iyo alaab-qeybiyeyaasha chip, beddelka degmaynta chip ayaa la sameeyay. si tartiib tartiib ah loo hirgeliyo, iyo sahayda chip-ka ayaa la filayaa in la fududeeyo ilaa xad qaybta labaad ee 2022. Waqtigaas, baahida kor u kaca ee 2021 waa la sii deyn doonaa oo waxay noqon doontaa arrin togan u ah kobaca suuqa baabuurta ee 2022.
Si kor loogu qaado awoodda hal-abuurnimo ee madax-bannaan, sayid tignoolajiyada xudunta u ah iyo samaynta baabuurta Shiinaha isticmaalaan "core" Shiinaha waa jihada shirkadaha baabuurta Shiinaha.
"2021-ka, qaabkayaga istaraatiijiyadeed ee ugu horreeya ee guriga ugu horreeya ee garaadka sare leh oo leh geeddi-socod 7-nanometer ah ayaa la sii daayay, taas oo buuxinaysa farqiga u dhexeeya berrinka chip-ka ugu weyn ee madal caqli-gal ah oo heer sare ah oo si madax-bannaan u naqshadeeyay Shiinaha."Qofka ku shaqada leh ee mas'uulka ka ah shirkadda Geely Group ayaa u sheegay warfidiyeenka in shirkadda Geely ay maal-gelisay in ka badan 140 bilyan yuan r&d tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, iyada oo in ka badan 20,000 oo shaqaale naqshadayn iyo r&d ah iyo 26,000 oo shatiyo hal abuur leh.Gaar ahaan qaybta dhismaha ee shabakadda dayax-gacmeedka, Geely's is-dhis-sare-sax-sare-sax-sax-sax-sax-sax-saxeed nidaamka navigation dhulka-orbit dayax-gacmeedku waxa uu dhamaystiray hawlgelinta 305 goob-waqtiga tixraaca-waqtiga-sax-sax-sare leh,waxana uu gaadhi doonaa isgaadhsiinta "aagga indho la'aanta caalamiga ah" iyo sentimitir- caymiska meelaynta saxda ah ee heerka sare mustaqbalka."Mustaqbalka, Geely wuxuu si buuxda u horumarin doonaa habka caalamiga ah, wuxuu xaqiijin doonaa tignoolajiyada si uu u aado dibadda, wuxuuna gaari doonaa iibka dibadda ee 600,000 baabuur marka la gaaro 2025."
Kobaca warshadaha baabuurta tamarta cusub iyo horumarinta korantada iyo garaadka waxay u keeneen fursado summadaha baabuurta Shiinaha inay raacaan, ordaan oo xitaa hogaamiyaan mustaqbalka.
Saic qofka laxiriira mas'uulka ayaa yiri, agagaarka yoolka istiraatijiyadeed ee qaranka ee "kaarboonka ugu sarreeya, kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah", kooxdu waxay sii waddaa kor u qaadista istiraatijiyadda hal-abuurka iyo is-beddelka, ku dhufo jidka cusub ee "waxgarad koronto ku xiran" : dardargelinta horumarinta tamarta cusub , geedi socodka ganacsi ee gaadhiga ku xidhan ee caqliga leh, in la sameeyo cilmi baadhis iyo warshadaynta sahaminta wadista iskeed u madax banaanida iyo tignoolajiyada kale;Waxaan hagaajin doonaa dhismaha "shan xarumood" oo ay ku jiraan software, Cloud computing, sirdoonka macmal, xogta weyn iyo ammaanka network, xoojinta saldhigga technology software, iyo ku dadaali doonaa si loo hagaajiyo heerka digital alaabta baabuurta, adeegyada socdaalka iyo nidaamka hawlgalka.(Dongfang Shen, weriyaha Wargeyskeena)
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-18-2022
