Pa Marichi 7, 2022, wonyamula galimoto amanyamula katundu kupita ku Yantai Port, m'chigawo cha Shandong.(Chithunzi ndi Visual China)
Pamisonkhano iwiri yapadziko lonse, magalimoto amphamvu atsopano akopa chidwi kwambiri.Lipoti la ntchito ya boma linagogomezera kuti "tidzapitiriza kuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto atsopano amphamvu", ndikuyika ndondomeko zochepetsera misonkho ndi malipiro, kusunga chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa makampani opanga mafakitale ndi katundu, ndikuwonjezera chithandizo chachuma chenicheni. , kuphatikizapo makampani opanga magalimoto atsopano.Pamsonkhanowo, oimira ambiri ndi mamembala adapereka malingaliro ndi malingaliro pa chitukuko cha magalimoto atsopano amphamvu.
Mu 2021, zogulitsa zamagalimoto ku China zidachita bwino kwambiri, kupitilira mayunitsi 2 miliyoni kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuwirikiza kawiri chaka chatha, zomwe zidachitika bwino kwambiri.Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti kutumiza kunja kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kunawonetsa kukula kwakukulu, ndi kukula kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa 304,6%.Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zatsopano zamakampani opanga magalimoto aku China zomwe zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pazotumiza kunja?Pankhani ya kuchepetsa mpweya wapadziko lonse lapansi, kodi makampani opanga magalimoto atsopano "adzayendetsa" kuti?Mtolankhaniyo adafunsa Xu Haidong, wachiwiri kwa injiniya wamkulu wa China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, saic And Geely.
Kuyambira 2021, kutumiza kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kwayenda bwino, ku Europe ndi South Asia
kukhala misika yayikulu yowonjezereka
Malinga ndi China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, kutumiza kunja kwa magalimoto amphamvu atsopano kudzafika mayunitsi 310,000 mu 2021, ndi kukula kwa chaka ndi 304,6%.Mu Januware 2022, magalimoto amagetsi atsopano adapitilira kukula kwakukulu, ndikukwaniritsa ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya "magawo 431,000 ogulitsidwa, ndi chiwonjezeko chapachaka cha 135,8%", ndikuyambitsa bwino kwa Chaka cha Tiger.
Ogwira ntchito amagwira ntchito pamsonkhano womaliza wa BAIC New Energy Branch ku Huanghua.Xinhua/Mou Yu
Saic Motor, Dongfeng Motor ndi BMW Brilliance adzakhala mabizinesi apamwamba 10 potengera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano mu 2021. Pakati pawo, SAIC idagulitsa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano a 733,000 mu 2021, ndikukula kwa chaka ndi 128,9%. kukhala mtsogoleri pakugulitsa kunja kwa magalimoto aku China omwe ali ndi mphamvu zatsopano.Ku Europe ndi misika ina yotukuka, mitundu yake ya MG ndi MAXUS yagulitsa magalimoto opitilira 50,000 amagetsi atsopano.Nthawi yomweyo, byd, JAC Gulu, Geely Holding ndi mitundu ina yodziyimira payokha yamagalimoto atsopano otumiza kunja apezanso kukula mwachangu.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti msika waku Europe ndi msika waku South Asia umakhala misika yayikulu yogulitsa magalimoto atsopano aku China mu 2021. Mu 2021, mayiko 10 apamwamba kwambiri ku China ndi Belgium, Bangladesh, United Kingdom, India, Thailand, Germany, France, Slovenia, Australia ndi Philippines, malinga ndi deta yochokera ku General Administration of Customs yopangidwa ndi CAAC.
"Pokhapokha ndi zida zamphamvu zamagalimoto zatsopano zomwe tingayerekeze kulowa msika wamagalimoto okhwima ngati Europe."Xu Haidong adauza atolankhani kuti luso latsopano lagalimoto la China lafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kaya ndi mawonekedwe azinthu, mkati, osiyanasiyana, kusinthasintha kwa chilengedwe, kapena magwiridwe antchito agalimoto, mtundu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru, zapita patsogolo kwambiri."Zogulitsa kunja kumayiko otukuka monga UK ndi Norway zikuwonetsa mwayi wampikisano wazinthu zatsopano zamagalimoto aku China."
Malo akunja amaperekanso mikhalidwe yabwino kwa ma brand aku China kuti ayesetse pamsika waku Europe.Pofuna kukwaniritsa zolinga zochepetsera mpweya wa kaboni, maboma ambiri a ku Ulaya alengeza zolinga za mpweya wa carbon m'zaka zaposachedwa ndikuwonjezera ndalama zothandizira magalimoto atsopano.Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Norway lakhazikitsa ndondomeko zingapo zothandizira kusintha kwa magetsi, kuphatikizapo kumasula magalimoto amagetsi ku 25% msonkho wamtengo wapatali, msonkho wa kunja ndi msonkho wokonza misewu.Germany ikulitsa thandizo lamagetsi latsopano la 1.2 biliyoni ya euro, yomwe idayamba mu 2016, mpaka 2025, ndikuyambitsanso msika wamagalimoto atsopano.
Mwamwayi, kugulitsa kwakukulu sikudaliranso pamitengo yotsika.Mtengo wa ma neV amtundu waku China pamsika waku Europe wafika $30,000 pagawo lililonse.M'magawo atatu oyambirira a 2021, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa magalimoto onyamula magetsi opangidwa ndi magetsi unafika $ 5.498 biliyoni, kufika pa 515.4 peresenti chaka ndi chaka, ndi kukula kwamtengo wapatali wamtengo wapatali kuposa kukula kwa kuchuluka kwa katundu wogulitsa kunja, deta ya kasitomu yasonyeza.
Ma chain amphamvu komanso athunthu a mafakitale aku China komanso mayendedwe azinthu zogulitsira amawonekera pakuchita kwake kutumiza magalimoto
Chithunzi chojambula cha zinthu ziwiri zomwe zikuyenda bwino komanso kutsatsa malonda zikuchitikira m'misonkhano yopanga zinthu m'dziko lonselo.Mu 2021, katundu yense wa ku China wochokera kunja ndi kunja anafika 39.1 thililiyoni yuan, chiwonjezeko cha 21.4% kuposa chaka chatha, kupitirira ife $ 6 thililiyoni pa chiwerengero cha pachaka cha kusinthana, kukhala woyamba pa malonda a malonda padziko lonse kwa zaka zisanu zotsatizana.Ndalama zakunja zomwe zalipidwa kuchokera kumayiko ena zafika pa 1.1 thililiyoni, zomwe zidakwera ndi 14.9% kuposa chaka chatha ndipo zidapitilira yuan 1 thililiyoni koyamba.
Wogwira ntchito amapanga ma tray a batri a magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ku Shandong Yuhang Special Alloy Equipment Co., LTD.Xinhua/Fan Changguo
Kuchuluka kwa opanga magalimoto akunja kwatsika m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi chifukwa cha mliri wobwerezabwereza, kutumiza movutikira, kuchepa kwa chip ndi zina.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zomwe zinatulutsidwa ndi Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT), kupanga magalimoto ku UK kunatsika ndi 20,1% mu Januwale poyerekeza ndi mwezi womwewo chaka chatha.Malinga ndi European Automobile Manufacturers 'Association (ACEA), 2021 ndi chaka chachitatu motsatizana cha kuchepa kwa kugulitsa kwa magalimoto onyamula anthu ku Europe, kutsika ndi 1.5 peresenti pachaka.
"Chifukwa cha mliriwu, mwayi wopezeka ku China wakulitsidwa."Zhang Jianping, mkulu wa Regional Economic Cooperation Research Center ya Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation ya Unduna wa Zamalonda, adati Kutumiza kwamphamvu kwa magalimoto aku China kumabwera chifukwa chakuchira msanga kwachuma cha China chifukwa cha mliriwu.Makampani opanga magalimoto abwezeretsanso mphamvu zopangira mwachangu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi waukulu wobwezeretsanso kufunikira kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi.Kuphatikiza pakupanga kusiyana kwazinthu pamsika wamagalimoto akunja komanso kukhazikika kwapadziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga magalimoto ku China ali ndi dongosolo lathunthu komanso mphamvu zothandizira.Ngakhale mliriwu, China ikadali ndi kuthekera kwabwino kukana zoopsa.Kukhazikika kokhazikika komanso kupanga ndi kuperekera mphamvu kumapereka chitsimikizo champhamvu Kutumiza kunja kwamakampani aku China magalimoto.
Munthawi yamagalimoto oyendera petulo, China idakhala ndi zida zambiri zamagalimoto, koma kusowa kwazinthu zazikulu zidapangitsa kuti ikhale pachiwopsezo chachitetezo.Kukula kwamakampani opanga magalimoto opatsa mphamvu kwapatsa mwayi makampani opanga magalimoto ku China kuti atsogolere m'mafakitale.
"Makampani amtundu wa magalimoto akunja amachedwa pang'onopang'ono pakupanga magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, sangathe kupereka zinthu zopikisana, pomwe zinthu zaku China zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za ogula, zimakhala ndi phindu lamtengo wapatali, komanso zimakhala ndi mpikisano wabwino. "Makampani amagalimoto akunja sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira. Mitundu yawo yomwe ilipo yamphamvu pamagalimoto atsopano amagetsi, kotero ogula m'maiko otukuka nawonso ali okonzeka kuvomereza zida zamphamvu zaku China." Xu Haidong adatero.
RCEP yabweretsa mfundo kum'mawa, gulu lomwe likukulirakulira la abwenzi, ndipo makampani amagalimoto aku China akufulumizitsa msika wawo wakunja.
Ndi thupi lake loyera ndi chizindikiro cha buluu wakumwamba, ma taxi amagetsi a BYD amagwirizana ndi chilengedwe chozungulira.Kuchokera ku Bangkok's Suvarnabhumi International Airport, bambo wakumaloko Chaiwa adasankha kukwera taxi yamagetsi ya BYD."Ndi chete, imakhala ndi kawonedwe kabwino, ndipo koposa zonse, ndiyotetezeka ku chilengedwe."Kulipiritsa kwa maola awiri ndi ma kilomita 400 - Zaka zinayi zapitazo, magalimoto amagetsi a 101 BYD adavomerezedwa ndi Land Transport Authority ku Thailand kuti azigwira ntchito kwanuko koyamba ngati ma taxi ndi magalimoto okwera.
Pa Januware 1, 2022, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) idayamba kugwira ntchito, yomwe ndi malo akuluakulu amalonda aulere padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zikubweretsa mwayi waukulu pakugulitsa magalimoto ku China.Monga amodzi mwa zigawo zomwe zikukula mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi pakugulitsa magalimoto, kuthekera kwa msika komwe kukubwera kwa anthu a 600m a ASEAN sikunganyalanyazidwe.Malinga ndi International Renewable Energy Agency, kugulitsa kwa ma neV ku Southeast Asia kudzakwera mpaka mayunitsi 10 miliyoni pofika 2025.
Maiko aku Asean apereka njira zingapo zothandizira ndi mapulani aukadaulo opangira magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makampani aku China azifufuza msika wakumaloko.Boma la Malaysia lidalengeza zolimbikitsa msonkho kwa magalimoto amagetsi kuchokera ku fy2022;Boma la Philippines lachotsa mitengo yonse yotumizira zinthu pazigawo zamagalimoto amagetsi;Boma la Singapore lalengeza kuti likufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa malo olipira magalimoto amagetsi kuchokera pa 28,000 mpaka 60,000 pofika 2030.
"China ikulimbikitsa makampani opanga magalimoto kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino malamulo a THE RCEP, kuwonetsetsa kuti malonda akupanga malonda komanso kukulitsa ndalama zomwe zabwera chifukwa cha mgwirizanowu, komanso kukulitsa malonda ogulitsa magalimoto ku China. mayendedwe a 'kuyenda padziko lonse lapansi', zikuyembekezeka kuti makampani amagalimoto aku China azikhala ndi mgwirizano wapamtima ndi omwe amagwirizana nawo potengera unyolo wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo malamulo oyambira oyambira adzabweretsa njira zamalonda zosiyanasiyana komanso mwayi wamabizinesi wotumizira kunja."Zhang Jianping akuganiza.
Kuchokera ku Southeast Asia kupita ku Africa kupita ku Europe, opanga magalimoto aku China akukulitsa njira zawo zopangira kunja.Chery Automobile yakhazikitsa maziko a R&D padziko lonse lapansi ku Europe, North America, Middle East ndi Brazil, ndikukhazikitsa mafakitale 10 akunja.Saic yakhazikitsa malo atatu opangira r&d kunja kwa nyanja, komanso maziko anayi opangira ndi mafakitale a KD (spare parts assembly) ku Thailand, Indonesia, India ndi Pakistan...
"Pokhapokha pokhala ndi mafakitale awo akunja komwe kungatheke. Kukula kwamakampani agalimoto odziwika ku China kukhala kokhazikika."Xu Haidong adasanthula kuti m'zaka zaposachedwa, mabizinesi aku China akugulitsa magalimoto akunja asintha kwambiri - kuchokera pamayendedwe oyambilira ndi njira ya KD pang'ono kuwongolera ndalama.The mode wa ndalama mwachindunji osati kulimbikitsa ntchito m'deralo, komanso kusintha kuzindikira kwa ogula m'deralo kwa chikhalidwe mtundu, motero kuonjezera malonda kunja, amene adzakhala malangizo chitukuko cha "kupita padziko lonse" magalimoto mtundu Chinese m'tsogolo.
Onjezani ndalama mu ZOPHUNZITSA ndi chitukuko, ndikugwirizana ndi magalimoto, magawo ndi mabizinesi a chip muzatsopano, kuyesetsa kupanga magalimoto aku China kugwiritsa ntchito "core" waku China.
Ndi mphamvu zatsopano, deta yayikulu ndi matekinoloje ena osinthika omwe akukula masiku ano, galimoto, yomwe ili ndi mbiri yazaka zopitilira 100, yabweretsa mwayi waukulu wosintha zinthu.M'munda wa magalimoto mphamvu zatsopano ndi kugwirizana wanzeru maukonde, ndi zaka khama, China galimoto makampani ali kwenikweni anafika zinthu wamba ndi umisiri pachimake ndi mlingo wapadziko lonse wa chitukuko synchronous, ndi mabizinesi wamba mayiko pa mlingo womwewo mpikisano siteji.
Komabe, kwa nthawi ndithu, vuto la "kusowa pachimake" lakhala likuvutitsa makampani opanga magalimoto ku China, zomwe zakhudza kusintha kwa zotulutsa ndi khalidwe mpaka pamlingo wina.
Pa February 28, Xin Guobin, wachiwiri kwa Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, adati pamsonkhano wa atolankhani wa State Information Office, Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Upangiri Waukadaulo udzamanga nsanja yapaintaneti komanso kufunikira kwa tchipisi zamagalimoto, kuwongolera Kumtunda ndi kumtunda kwa mgwirizano wamakina a mafakitale, ndikuwongolera magalimoto ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono kuti akwaniritse bwino masanjidwe a chain chain;Konzani moyenera kupanga, kuthandizana wina ndi mzake, kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe kazinthu, kuchepetsa zotsatira za kusowa kwapakati;Tithandiziranso luso lothandizana pakati pa opanga magalimoto, zigawo ndi tchipisi, ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono komanso mwadongosolo kupanga tchipisi tapakhomo ndi kutulutsa mphamvu.
"Malinga ndi lingaliro lamakampaniwo, kuchepa kwa chip kudzachititsa kuti msika ufunike pafupifupi mayunitsi 1.5 miliyoni mu 2021."Yang Qian, wachiwiri kwa director of the Industry Research department of The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, akukhulupirira kuti pang'onopang'ono njira yoyendetsera msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, mogwirizana ndi boma, opanga ma chip ndi ogulitsa zida, njira zina zopezera tchipisi zakhala zikuchitika. kukhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kupezeka kwa chip kukuyembekezeka kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu theka lachiwiri la 2022. Panthawiyo, kufunikira kwa pent up mu 2021 kudzatulutsidwa ndikukhala chinthu chabwino pakukula kwa msika wamagalimoto mu 2022.
Kupititsa patsogolo luso lodziyimira pawokha, luso laukadaulo laukadaulo ndikupanga magalimoto aku China kugwiritsa ntchito "pachimake" chaku China ndikuwongolera makampani aku China.
"Mu 2021, masanjidwe athu njira ya woyamba zoweta mkulu-mapeto anzeru cockpit Chip ndi ndondomeko 7-nanometer anamasulidwa, kudzaza kusiyana kwa Chip chachikulu cha mkulu-mapeto wanzeru cockpit nsanja paokha opangidwa ndi China."Woyang'anira Geely Gulu adauza atolankhani kuti Geely yayika ndalama zoposera 140 biliyoni mu r&d m'zaka khumi zapitazi, ndi anthu opitilira 20,000 akupanga ndi r&d komanso ma patent 26,000 aukadaulo.Makamaka mu gawo la ntchito yomanga netiweki ya satellite, makina oyendetsa ma satelayiti a geely omwe adadzipangira okha molunjika kwambiri padziko lapansi amaliza kuyika malo 305 olondola kwambiri, ndipo akwaniritsa kulumikizana kwa "global no-blind zone" ndi centimeter- mlingo wapamwamba mwatsatanetsatane malo Kuphunzira m'tsogolo."M'tsogolomu, Geely idzalimbikitsa kwambiri ndondomeko ya kudalirana kwa mayiko, kuzindikira teknoloji yopita kunja, ndikukwaniritsa malonda a kunja kwa magalimoto 600,000 pofika 2025."
Kukula kwamakampani opanga magalimoto atsopano komanso kupititsa patsogolo magetsi ndi luntha kwabweretsa mwayi kwa ma brand aku China kuti azitsatira, kuthamanga komanso kutsogolera mtsogolo.
Saic wokhudzana ndi udindo anati, kuzungulira dziko cholinga cholinga cha "carbon pachimake, carbon ndale", gulu akupitiriza kulimbikitsa luso ndi kusintha njira, sprint njanji latsopano "wanzeru magetsi olumikizidwa" : imathandizira Kukwezeleza mphamvu zatsopano. , njira yogulitsira magalimoto yolumikizidwa mwanzeru, kuchita kafukufuku ndikufufuza zamafakitale pakuyendetsa pawokha ndi matekinoloje ena;Tidzakonza zomanga "malo asanu" kuphatikiza mapulogalamu, cloud computing, intelligence artificial, deta yaikulu ndi chitetezo cha intaneti, kuphatikiza maziko a teknoloji ya mapulogalamu, ndi kuyesetsa kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa digito zamagalimoto, maulendo oyendayenda ndi machitidwe ogwirira ntchito.(Dongfang Shen, mtolankhani wa Newspaper yathu)
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-18-2022
